CHRISTMAS SONG

Christmas lyrics + worksheets

http://busyteacher.org/3958-top-10-christmas-songs-for-esl-classes.html

Conjunctions

http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/conjunctions/what-is-a-conjunction.html

A conjunction is the glue that holds words, phrases and clauses (bothdependent and independent)

Read more at http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/conjunctions/what-is-a-conjunction.html#yYRd21DXIPpkf4gL.99

Linking Adverbs

http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/adverbs/list-of-conjunctive-adverbs.html
List of Conjunctive Adverbs
While writing, a list of conjunctive adverbs 
may be helpful for some people. The purpose of 
a conjunctive adverb is to show a relationship 
between clauses such as comparing or contrasting, 
showing a sequence of events, or showing a cause and effect.
Conjunctive Adverbs
An adverb is a part of speech that modifies a verb,
adverb, adjectives, clauses, and sentences, anything
but a noun. Many adverbs end in -ly, although not all of them.
A conjunction is a part of speech that connects phrases
and clauses. Therefore, a conjunctive adverb is a type
of adverb that joins together two clauses. These clauses
 are usually independent clauses, otherwise known as
complete sentences.
Examples of Conjunctive Adverbs
This chart is a partial list list of conjunctive adverbs.
There are many more to choose from.
image: http://www.yourdictionary.com/index.php/pdf/articles/pdfthumbs/144.conjunctiveadverblist.jpg

View & Download PDF
Examples of Conjunctive 
Adverbs in Sentences

• You must do your homework; otherwise, you might get a bad grade.

• I will not be attending the show. Therefore, I have extra tickets for anyone that can use them.

• Amy practiced the piano; meanwhile, her brother practiced the violin.

• Marion needed to be home early. Consequently, she left work at 3 p.m.

Correct Punctuation
To correctly punctuate a conjunctive adverb,
a writer will use a semicolon or period at the
end of the first independent clause. The conjunctive
adverb is then used followed by a comma and the
 next independent clause.
Read more at http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/adverbs/list-of-conjunctive-adverbs.html#zZm8Dc6xmWTD8TIq.99

Smell - collocations

http://oxforddictionary.so8848.com/search?word=smell

smell noun

ADJ. overpowering, pervasive, pungent, rich, sharp, strong There was an overpowering smell of burning tyres. | faint | distinct | distinctive, particular, unmistakable | funny, peculiar, strange, unusual What's that funny smell? | familiar | lingering | aromatic, delectable, delicious, fragrant, fresh, lovely, nice, savoury, sweet, wonderful the aromatic smells of a spring garden full of herbs| warm | appalling, awful, bad, evil, horrible, nasty, offensive, terrible, unpleasant, vile | acrid, nauseating, putrid, rank, sickly An acrid smell filled the air. | damp, dank, musty, rancid, sour, stale the sour smell of unwashed linen | earthy, fishy, masculine, metallic, musky, oily, smoky, spicy | cooking Cooking smells drifted up from the kitchen.

SMELL + VERB come, emanate, drift, float, waft A delicious smell of freshly baked bread wafted across the garden. | fill sth, hang | hit sb Then the pungent smell hit us?rotting fish and seaweed.VERB + SMELL be filled with, have The air was filled with a pervasive smell of chemicals. The cottage had a musty smell after being shut up over the winter. | give off The skunk gives off an unpleasant smell when attacked. | catch, detect As she walked into the house she detected the smell of gas.

PREP. ~ from the putrid smell from the slaughterhouse | ~ of The faint smell of her perfume hung in the air.

smell verb

¹ notice/identify sth by using your nose

ADV. properly, well I had a streaming cold, so I could not smell properly. | almost Snow fell so that you could almost smell the cold.

VERB + SMELL can/could

² have a particular smell

ADV. strongly His clothes smelled strongly of fish. | faintly, slightly, vaguely He smelled faintly of sweat. | deliciously, pleasantly, sweetly

PREP. like It smells like rotten meat! | of The kitchen smelled sweetly of herbs and fruit.

You can also check Google Dictionary: smell (English, 中文解释 ), wordnet sense

To make someone or something well-known or more important           - synonyms or related words

    

popularize

 verb

to make something popular with many people

immortalize

 verb

to make someone or something famous for a very long time, for example by writing about them or by painting them

put someone/something on the map

to make someone or something famous

globalise

a British spelling of globalize

globalize

 verb

to make something become generally accepted all over the world

immortalise

a British spelling of immortalize

overexpose

 verb

someone or something that is overexposed appears in newspapers, on television, on the radio etc so often that people loseinterest in it

popularise

a British spelling of popularize

popularization

 noun

http://www.macmillandictionary.com/thesaurus-category/british/to-make-someone-or-something-well-known-or-more-important

Inversion of Order

http://www.englishgrammar.org/inversion-conditional-clauses/

Inversion in conditional clauses

Had it not rained

Contracted negative forms are not possible when we use an inverted word order to talk about an unreal or impossible situation in the past.

Had she not helped me I would have been in bad trouble. (NOT Hadn’t she helped me I would have been in bad trouble.)

This is actually the inverted form of the sentence ‘If she had not helped me I would have been in bad trouble’.

Had it not rained yesterday, we would have finished painting the walls.

Of course, contracted negative forms are possible when we use normal word order.

If it had not rained yesterday, we would have finished painting the walls. OR If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have finished painting the walls.

If you hadn’t been so stupid as to reject that job offer, youcould have attained financial independence now.

The third conditional sentences are used to talk about things that might have happened, but didn’t. Note that here we use a past perfect tense in the if-clause and would/could have + past participle in the main clause.

If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have hosted the party in the garden.

Should you not wish to

The inversion structure is also possible with should.

The structure with should is used to talk about present and future conditions. Here again negative forms are not contracted.

Should you not wish to join them, you must let them know before 4 o’clock. (NOT Shouldn’t you…)

Should you decide the sell the house, I will be happy to buy it from you.

Note that here should does not show obligation. It is merely used as an alternative to the present simple tense.

If you decide to sell the house, I will be happy to buy it from you.

Were we to have

Inversion is also possible with were. This structure is used to talk about the imaginary or improbable future situations.

Were we to have kids, we would need a bigger house. (= If we were to have kids, we would need a bigger house.)

Parts of a computer

Emphatic DO

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/ask_about_english/071112/

Golf: what's a Fairway?

Fairway	Es la denominación en inglés de la calle, es decir, la parte del recorrido donde está el césped más cortado.

http://www.golfinspain.com/esp/blog/diccionario-de-golf/

Opposite vs. In front of

Opposite or in front of?

from English Grammar Today

Opposite as a preposition means ‘in a position facing someone or something but on the other side’:

Jake sat opposite Claire in the restaurant. (Jake and Claire are facing each other on different sides of the table.)

Not: Jake sat in front of Claire …

In front of as a preposition means ‘close to the front of something or someone’:

There was a woman in front of me in the bus queue who was crying. (I was standing behind the woman.)

Compare

We parked opposite the hotel.

We parked in front of the hotel.

(“Opposite or in front of ?” from English Grammar Today © Cambridge University Press.)

GO + (gerund)

http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/go_gerund.htm

Go + Gerund List

go boating (the activity of travelling in a small boat on a lake or river for enjoyment - e.g. We’re going boating on the lake today.) go sailing go bowling go scuba diving go bungee jumping go shopping go camping go sightseeing go canoeing go skateboarding go climbing go skating go dancing go skiing go fishing go skinny-dipping (swimming without any clothes on) go hiking go skydiving go horseback riding go sledding go hunting go snorkeling go jogging go snowboarding go kayaking go mountain climbing go surfing go paragliding go trekking go parasailing go water skiing go rollerblading go window shopping go running go windsurfing

Rugby - the basics

Excruciating (adj)

excruciating - definition and synonyms

    

• Using the thesaurus

ADJECTIVE  /ɪkˈskruːʃiˌeɪtɪŋ/

1. 1

   causing extreme physical pain

   I tried to move my leg, but the pain was excruciating.

   She suffered from excruciating headaches.

   Synonyms and related words

   Physically painful and describing pain:

   achy, acute, agonising...

   Explore Thesaurus
2. 2

   used for emphasizing how bad something is

   a moment of excruciating terror

   Synonyms and related words

   Ways of emphasizing how bad something is:

   utterly, sadly, hopelessly...

   Explore Thesaurus

Asking questions DIRECTLY and INDIRECTLY

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/flatmates/episode46/languagepoint.shtml
INDIRECT QUESTIONS

There are two main ways of asking questions - directly and indirectly. Both have the same meaning but we use indirect questions when we want to be more polite, more formal or less confrontational. We can ask a direct question - Where is Brighton Pier?  Or to be more formal or polite, we can ask  an indirect question - I wonder if you could  tell me where Brighton Pier is?

Word Order

When we create indirect questions, the question (What time is it?) becomes part of a longer sentence or questions (Do you know.?) and the word order changes from the order of a direct question. For example: Direct: What time is it? Indirect: Do you know what time it is? Direct: Why was he late? Indirect: Can you tell me why he was late? Direct: What is that? Indirect: Would you mind telling me what that is?

Using 'do'

When there is no auxiliary verb (be, do have,

 can, will etc) in a sentence, we need to put in

do, does or did when we create a direct question.

When we make this into an indirect question 

however, we don't use the verb 'do'. For example:
Direct: When does the lesson end?
Indirect: Could you tell me when the lesson ends?

Direct: What car does she drive?
Indirect: Can you tell me what car she drives?

Direct: How did you make that cake?
Indirect: Would you mind telling me how you made
 that cake?

Using 'if' or 'whether':

If there is no question word (who, what, when,  why, how) in a direct question, we need to use  if or whether in the indirect question.  For example:  Direct: Did she make it on time? Indirect: Can you tell me if she made it on time? or Can you tell me whether she made it on time? Direct: Is this the right bus for Oxford Street? Indirect: Do you have any idea if this is the right  bus for Oxford Street? Direct: Is she French? Indirect: Do you know whether she is French (or not)?

Vocabulary:

a pier: a large platform which sticks out into the  sea and which people can walk along  poxy (informal): rubbish, not good a spot: a place

Horror short films for halloween

Horror short films for halloween

START or BEGIN? What's the difference between them?

Begin or start? from English Grammar Today http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/begin-or-start

We can use the verbs begin and start to mean the same thing but begin is more formal than start. Begin is an irregular verb. Its past simple form is began and its -ed form is begun:

When did you begin learning English?

The meeting didn’t start until 9 pm.

We use start, but not begin:

1. to talk about machines:

    Press this button to start the printer. (Not: …to begin the printer)

    The lawnmower won’t start. (this means that it doesn’t work) (Not: The lawnmower won’t begin) 

2.  to talk about creating a new business: 

She started a new restaurant and it’s been going really well. (Not: She began a new restaurant …)

(“Begin or start ?” from English Grammar Today © Cambridge University Press. Need grammar practice? Try English Grammar Today with Workbook.)

Adverbs for emphasis: collocations of Adv+Adj

"Some adjectives are very often used with a particular adverb, and you need to learn these combinations. Here are a few useful ones:

• bitterly cold / disappointed

• highly likely / unlikely

• heavily pregnant

• blindingly obvious

• seriously ill / injured

• badly damaged"

For more information check the whole article: 
http://dictionaryblog.cambridge.org/2014/10/22/highly-delighted-bitterly-disappointed-ridiculously-cheap-adverbs-for-emphasis/

Ways of crying

Source --> https://clasejoseangel.wordpress.com/2015/05/21/words-related-to-cry/

Source--> http://berkaanonymous.blogspot.com.es/2011/06/types-of-crying.html

Describing appearance

Describing people and animals

http://learnenglishkids.britishcouncil.org/en/category/topics/descriptions