Chipped tooth and bone

Quiz: Are you skinny, thin, average, chubby, fat, or obese?

Find out how fit you are!!  ... and learn some new vocab as well :)

http://www.quiztron.com/tests/skinny_thin_average_quiz_187697.htm

Amount, Quantity or Number?

Source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv129.shtml

AMOUNT
An amount of something is how much of it there is that you can measure. 
Amount is normally uncountable, so we CANNOT say: 'a large amount of cows were infected.'
But we would say:

• The amount of work I got through in July was double the amount that I did in June.
• No amount of love would heal the hatred she felt.
• I had a certain amount of respect for him: he was a good footballer and a good ambassador for his country.

We can also use amount as a verb, as in amount to, and again this describes the counting or measuring of something:

• When you added everything up, his total expenditure on this project amounted to £9,950.
• I don’t think the talks in Helsinki will amount to very mucH.

QUANTITY
Similarly, a quantity is an amount of something that you can measure or count. We often talk about large or small quantities of something. It is usually applied to inanimate objects so again it is unlikely that we would say: 'a large quantity of cows were infected'. But we would say:

• There were very small quantities of peppers on sale in the market.
• There are very large quantities of gas beneath the North Sea.

We often contrast quantity with quality:

• It doesn’t matter how many words you write: it is the quality that is important, not the quantity.
• These toys are sold in quantity and the quality doesn’t seem to matter

 NUMBER
We use number to describe how many, and often we do not know exactly how many there are. This is one of the defining aspects of a number of. Number is countable and can be applied to both animate and inanimate items, so this is the one that fits your sentence:

• a large number of cows were infected.
• There are a number of reasons why I can’t marry you.
• A number of people were injured in the explosion.
• I had warned her not to go there any number of times, but she wouldn’t listen

Fractal patterns in nature

http://www.wired.com/2010/09/fractal-patterns-in-nature/

Fractals are patterns formed from chaotic equations and contain self-similar patterns of complexity increasing with magnification. If you divide a fractal pattern into parts you get a nearly identical reduced-size copy of the whole.
The mathematical beauty of fractals is that infinite complexity is formed with relatively simple equations. By iterating or repeating fractal-generating equations many times, random outputs create beautiful patterns that are unique, yet recognizable.

Romanesco Broccoli

This variant form of cauliflower is the ultimate fractal vegetable. Its pattern is a natural representation of the Fibonacci or golden spiral, a logarithmic spiral where every quarter turn is farther from the origin by a factor of phi, the golden ratio.
Image: Flickr/Tin.G.

Mountains

Mountains are the result of tectonic forces pushing the crust upward and erosion tearing some of that crust down. The resulting pattern is a fractal.
Above is an image of the Himalayan Mountains, home to many of the tallest peaks on Earth. The Himalayas are still being uplifted by the collision of India with the Eurasian plate, which began about 70 million years ago.
Image: NASA/GSFC/JPL, MISR Team.

Ferns

Ferns are a common example of a self-similar set, meaning that their pattern can be mathematically generated and reproduced at any magnification or reduction. The mathematical formula that describes ferns, named after Michael Barnsley, was one of the first to show that chaos is inherently unpredictable yet generally follows deterministic rules based on nonlinear iterative equations. In other words, random numbers generated over and over using Barnsley's Fern formula ultimately produce a unique fern-shaped object.

In the eye of the beholder

Jackson Pollock's Summertime : Number 9A

Pollock's No. 5

COLLOCATIONS

advise 

1. to give your opinion to someone about the best thing to do in a particular situation

I’m afraid I’m not able to advise you.

 

> advise someone to do something:

Her doctor advised her to rest.

Students are advised to read all the questions carefully.

 

> advise someone against something:

Police are advising the public against travelling in the fog.

 

> advise someone that:

The bank advised us that we should increase our insurance cover.

 

> advise that:

Experts advise that sunscreen should be reapplied on an hourly basis.

 

> strongly advise:

I strongly advise you to reject the offer.

recommend

1. to advise someone that they should do something

> recommend (that):

I recommend that you buy a more powerful computer.

 

> strongly recommend:

We strongly recommend you insure your luggage when you travel.

 

> recommend doing something:

We recommend booking early, as this is a popular event.

 

> recommend someone to do something:

Students are recommended to read the following books.

suggest

1.to offer an idea or a plan for someone to consider

The report suggested various ways in which the service could be improved.

 

>suggest (that):

I suggest we have dinner first, and then watch the film.

 

> suggest what/why/where etc:

Can anyone suggest what we should do to increase sales?

 

> suggest doing something:

If there is a mechanical problem, we suggest contacting the manufacturer directly.

> Suggest is never followed by a direct personal object. Use the preposition to:

✗ If this happened to one of your friends, what would you suggest her?

✓ If this happened to one of your friends, what would you suggest to her?

 

2. to tell someone about something that may be useful or suitable for a particular purpose

> suggest + noun

Can you suggest an inexpensive restaurant?

 

Collocations

VERB + CAREER 

> build, carve out, have, make, pursue He made a good career for himself in football. She pursued a successful career in medicine. 

> begin, embark on, launch, start (out on) young actors just starting out on their careers 
> boost 
> abandon, give up 
> cut short, end, ruin, wreck a car crash which wrecked his career 
> resume 
> change

Collocations

VERB + RELATIONSHIP  

> enjoy, have They enjoyed a close working relationship. The school has a very good relationship with the community. He had brief relationships with several women. | 

> begin, build (up), develop, establish, foster Building strong relationships is essential. They established a relationship of trust. | 

> cement, improve, strengthen | 

> continue, maintain | 

> handle, manage He's not very good at handling personal relationships. | 

> break off She broke off the relationship when she found out about his gambling.  

> destroy Lack of trust destroys many relationships.

Real London accent

CHRISTMAS SONG

Christmas lyrics + worksheets

http://busyteacher.org/3958-top-10-christmas-songs-for-esl-classes.html

Conjunctions

http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/conjunctions/what-is-a-conjunction.html

A conjunction is the glue that holds words, phrases and clauses (bothdependent and independent)

Read more at http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/conjunctions/what-is-a-conjunction.html#yYRd21DXIPpkf4gL.99

Linking Adverbs

http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/adverbs/list-of-conjunctive-adverbs.html
List of Conjunctive Adverbs
While writing, a list of conjunctive adverbs 
may be helpful for some people. The purpose of 
a conjunctive adverb is to show a relationship 
between clauses such as comparing or contrasting, 
showing a sequence of events, or showing a cause and effect.
Conjunctive Adverbs
An adverb is a part of speech that modifies a verb,
adverb, adjectives, clauses, and sentences, anything
but a noun. Many adverbs end in -ly, although not all of them.
A conjunction is a part of speech that connects phrases
and clauses. Therefore, a conjunctive adverb is a type
of adverb that joins together two clauses. These clauses
 are usually independent clauses, otherwise known as
complete sentences.
Examples of Conjunctive Adverbs
This chart is a partial list list of conjunctive adverbs.
There are many more to choose from.
image: http://www.yourdictionary.com/index.php/pdf/articles/pdfthumbs/144.conjunctiveadverblist.jpg

View & Download PDF
Examples of Conjunctive 
Adverbs in Sentences

• You must do your homework; otherwise, you might get a bad grade.

• I will not be attending the show. Therefore, I have extra tickets for anyone that can use them.

• Amy practiced the piano; meanwhile, her brother practiced the violin.

• Marion needed to be home early. Consequently, she left work at 3 p.m.

Correct Punctuation
To correctly punctuate a conjunctive adverb,
a writer will use a semicolon or period at the
end of the first independent clause. The conjunctive
adverb is then used followed by a comma and the
 next independent clause.
Read more at http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/adverbs/list-of-conjunctive-adverbs.html#zZm8Dc6xmWTD8TIq.99

Smell - collocations

http://oxforddictionary.so8848.com/search?word=smell

smell noun

ADJ. overpowering, pervasive, pungent, rich, sharp, strong There was an overpowering smell of burning tyres. | faint | distinct | distinctive, particular, unmistakable | funny, peculiar, strange, unusual What's that funny smell? | familiar | lingering | aromatic, delectable, delicious, fragrant, fresh, lovely, nice, savoury, sweet, wonderful the aromatic smells of a spring garden full of herbs| warm | appalling, awful, bad, evil, horrible, nasty, offensive, terrible, unpleasant, vile | acrid, nauseating, putrid, rank, sickly An acrid smell filled the air. | damp, dank, musty, rancid, sour, stale the sour smell of unwashed linen | earthy, fishy, masculine, metallic, musky, oily, smoky, spicy | cooking Cooking smells drifted up from the kitchen.

SMELL + VERB come, emanate, drift, float, waft A delicious smell of freshly baked bread wafted across the garden. | fill sth, hang | hit sb Then the pungent smell hit us?rotting fish and seaweed.VERB + SMELL be filled with, have The air was filled with a pervasive smell of chemicals. The cottage had a musty smell after being shut up over the winter. | give off The skunk gives off an unpleasant smell when attacked. | catch, detect As she walked into the house she detected the smell of gas.

PREP. ~ from the putrid smell from the slaughterhouse | ~ of The faint smell of her perfume hung in the air.

smell verb

¹ notice/identify sth by using your nose

ADV. properly, well I had a streaming cold, so I could not smell properly. | almost Snow fell so that you could almost smell the cold.

VERB + SMELL can/could

² have a particular smell

ADV. strongly His clothes smelled strongly of fish. | faintly, slightly, vaguely He smelled faintly of sweat. | deliciously, pleasantly, sweetly

PREP. like It smells like rotten meat! | of The kitchen smelled sweetly of herbs and fruit.

You can also check Google Dictionary: smell (English, 中文解释 ), wordnet sense

To make someone or something well-known or more important           - synonyms or related words

    

popularize

 verb

to make something popular with many people

immortalize

 verb

to make someone or something famous for a very long time, for example by writing about them or by painting them

put someone/something on the map

to make someone or something famous

globalise

a British spelling of globalize

globalize

 verb

to make something become generally accepted all over the world

immortalise

a British spelling of immortalize

overexpose

 verb

someone or something that is overexposed appears in newspapers, on television, on the radio etc so often that people loseinterest in it

popularise

a British spelling of popularize

popularization

 noun

http://www.macmillandictionary.com/thesaurus-category/british/to-make-someone-or-something-well-known-or-more-important

Inversion of Order

http://www.englishgrammar.org/inversion-conditional-clauses/

Inversion in conditional clauses

Had it not rained

Contracted negative forms are not possible when we use an inverted word order to talk about an unreal or impossible situation in the past.

Had she not helped me I would have been in bad trouble. (NOT Hadn’t she helped me I would have been in bad trouble.)

This is actually the inverted form of the sentence ‘If she had not helped me I would have been in bad trouble’.

Had it not rained yesterday, we would have finished painting the walls.

Of course, contracted negative forms are possible when we use normal word order.

If it had not rained yesterday, we would have finished painting the walls. OR If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have finished painting the walls.

If you hadn’t been so stupid as to reject that job offer, youcould have attained financial independence now.

The third conditional sentences are used to talk about things that might have happened, but didn’t. Note that here we use a past perfect tense in the if-clause and would/could have + past participle in the main clause.

If it hadn’t rained yesterday, we would have hosted the party in the garden.

Should you not wish to

The inversion structure is also possible with should.

The structure with should is used to talk about present and future conditions. Here again negative forms are not contracted.

Should you not wish to join them, you must let them know before 4 o’clock. (NOT Shouldn’t you…)

Should you decide the sell the house, I will be happy to buy it from you.

Note that here should does not show obligation. It is merely used as an alternative to the present simple tense.

If you decide to sell the house, I will be happy to buy it from you.

Were we to have

Inversion is also possible with were. This structure is used to talk about the imaginary or improbable future situations.

Were we to have kids, we would need a bigger house. (= If we were to have kids, we would need a bigger house.)

Parts of a computer

Emphatic DO

http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/ask_about_english/071112/

Golf: what's a Fairway?

Fairway	Es la denominación en inglés de la calle, es decir, la parte del recorrido donde está el césped más cortado.

http://www.golfinspain.com/esp/blog/diccionario-de-golf/

Opposite vs. In front of

Opposite or in front of?

from English Grammar Today

Opposite as a preposition means ‘in a position facing someone or something but on the other side’:

Jake sat opposite Claire in the restaurant. (Jake and Claire are facing each other on different sides of the table.)

Not: Jake sat in front of Claire …

In front of as a preposition means ‘close to the front of something or someone’:

There was a woman in front of me in the bus queue who was crying. (I was standing behind the woman.)

Compare

We parked opposite the hotel.

We parked in front of the hotel.

(“Opposite or in front of ?” from English Grammar Today © Cambridge University Press.)